APACHE MARTYR

“Often I have been compelled to ask myself, “Who is the civilized and who is the savage?”

–The Rev. William H. Goode, Methodist missionary, 1843

Not all of the Union’s enemies wore gray or butternut uniforms and hailed from the South. At the same time Federal forces were fighting pitched battles with the Confederates, they were enmeshed in a bitter conflict against various indigenous tribes for control of the Southwest. None of the tribes was more ferocious than the Chiricahua Apaches, who had long since honed their fighting skills against the Pueblos, Navajos, Pimas, and Papagos, as well as their longtime Mexican enemies.

When U.S. forces began moving into the Southwest during the