The movement and maintenance of water was central to Rome’s earliest occupation, as the site itself was initially very marshy, with recurrent flooding from the nearby Tiber being a constant concern for its settlers. The proximity of the Tiber to the famous seven hills of Rome was a major reason for its settlement and continued occupation, which is reflected by the proliferation of shrines to water deities and nymphs in these initial stages. Yet, for the longevity of the community, it was essential that the floods could be controlled without losing the supply of water.
Aqueducts and emperors
Eventually, through drainage and landfill schemes between the tenth and seventh centuries BC, the early Roman community was able to control the flooding, albeit only partially. For drinking and washing, the Tiber and various wells or springs in the surrounding area were sufficient in these early days. However, by the end of the fourth century BC,
