The renowned poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz wrote a short poem in Punjabi about the Partition of 1947:
Kise beejiya ae, tusan waddhna ae
Kise keetiyan ne, tusan wartana ae
Aap wele sir puchhna gichhna si
Hun kise theen ki hisab manggo
Someone sowed, and you shall reap.
Someone did, and you deal with it.
You did not probe, and question
either when it was time.
From whom will you seek explanations now?
Faiz was right. What the earlier generations did, the later generations have to suffer and endure. The partition of India, and, therefore, the partition of Punjab, was carried out by outsiders, without asking the Punjabi people.
But history—the public record or reality—keeps seeking answers from the dead and the living. It is a creature that never shuts up. It sees everything and rubs salt into wounds. It is as the German poet and playwright Bertolt Brecht once wrote: “When the wound stops hurting, what hurts is the scar.”
Punjabis often refer to the partitioned regions as “east” or “west” Punjab, not by the names of the nation states these were included in. Many, especially the families of the displaced, do not commemorate the events of 1947 as azadi, or Independence. They call it vaddey raule—the big riots, the holocaust.
Punjabi authors, writing in Punjabi, Urdu, Hindi and English, have published hundreds of books mourning it. Academic researchers produced, and continue to produce, stacks of theses on it. Painters paint, and there is no count of films. There are five evildoers in these narratives: the viceroy Louis Mountbatten, Mohandas Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mohammed Ali Jinnah and the Akali leader Tara Singh. Every Punjabi chooses a villain
