Istanbul, Turkey (Estimated Arrivals in 2023: 20.2 million)
A historic and cultural center that bridges Europe and Asia.
Home to iconic landmarks like the Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, and Topkapi Palace. Offers a vibrant blend of Ottoman, Byzantine, and Turkish influences.
Istanbul’s Layers of History: A Journey Through Time
Istanbul boasts a rich and fascinating history, having served as the capital of empires for over 1500 years. Here are some captivating historical facts that unveil the layers of this remarkable city.
City of Seven Hills
Just like Rome, Istanbul was built on seven hills, reflecting the belief that there were seven celestial bodies (sun, moon, and five planets) during the Roman Empire’s rule. These hills, located in the historic peninsula, are still prominent landmarks today.
Three Names, One City
Istanbul wasn’t always called Istanbul. Originally named Byzantium by Greek colonists in the 7th century BC, the city was renamed Constantinople by Roman Emperor Constantine the Great in 330 AD. The current name, Istanbul, was officially adopted in 1930.
A Meeting Point of Cultures
Istanbul’s strategic location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia has made it a melting pot of cultures and religions for centuries. Traces of Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, and modern Turkish influences are evident throughout the city’s architecture, cuisine, and traditions.
Hagia Sophia’s Transformation
The Hagia Sophia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has witnessed a fascinating transformation throughout history. Built as a Christian cathedral in the 6th century, it was converted into a mosque after the Ottoman conquest in 1453. In 1931, it became a museum, and most recently, in 2020, it was reconverted back into a mosque.
Topkapı Palace
Step back in time and explore the grandeur of the Topkapı Palace, the opulent residence of Ottoman sultans for over 400 years. This vast palace complex houses stunning courtyards, intricate tilework, and a collection of treasures that offer a glimpse into the opulence of the Ottoman Empire.
London, United Kingdom (Estimated Arrivals in 2023: 18.8 million)
A global hub for finance, business, culture, and arts.
Famous for its historical landmarks like Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, and the Tower of London.
Offers a diverse range of museums, theaters, and world-class shopping.
