Famous Social Reformers & Revolutionaries 4: Mikhail Bakunin
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About this ebook
He is the founder of collectivist anarchism. Bakunin is undoubtedly one of the most powerful figures of anarchism. He was also one of the main founders of the ‘social anarchist’ tradition.
On account of being a highly respected and popular activist, he is considered as one of the most famous ideologues in Europe. Throughout Europe and Russia, he had his significant influence among radicals.
Bakunin was born and brought up in Pryamukhino, a family estate in Tver Governorate. Right from his early age he was interested in philosophy. He began to study philosophy and then studied the French encyclopédistes.
Famous Social Reformers & Revolutionaries 4: Mikhail Bakunin
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Introduction
Family Background and Early Years
Bakunin’s Interest in Philosophy
His Time in Several European Countries
Bakunin’s Confession and Exile
Escape From Siberia and Back to Europe
Beginning of the Anarchist Movement
Bakunin’s Maxim and Thought
Bakunin’s Critique of Marxism
Bakunin’s Views on Federalism, Liberty, and Materialism
About the Revolutionary Potential
Bakunin’s Influence and Criticism
Bakunin and Anti-Semitism
Books Written by Bakunin
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Famous Social Reformers & Revolutionaries 4: Mikhail Bakunin
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Famous Social Reformers & Revolutionaries 4: Mikhail Bakunin
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Introduction
Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin, a famous Russian revolutionary anarchist, was born on 30th of May 1814 in Tver Governorate, northwest of Moscow.
He is the founder of collectivist anarchism. Bakunin is undoubtedly one of the most powerful figures of anarchism. He was also one of the main founders of the ‘social anarchist’ tradition.
On account of being a highly respected and popular activist, he is considered as one of the most famous ideologues in Europe. Throughout Europe and Russia, he had his significant influence among radicals.
Bakunin was born and brought up in Pryamukhino, a family estate in Tver Governorate. Right from his early age he was interested in philosophy. He began to study philosophy and then studied the French encyclopédistes.
With the passage of time, he got more interested in the philosophy of Fichte. After that he started reading the works of Hegel. At that time, Hegel was considered to be one of the most influential German intellectuals and thinkers.
Bakunin embraced Hegelianism. He was highly inspired and encouraged by Hegel’s famous maxim, Everything that exists is rational.
Having prepared himself for further studies, Bakunin left for St. Petersburg and Berlin. He wanted to prepare himself for a professorship in philosophy or history at the University of Moscow.
In 1842, he left Berlin and went to Dresden. At last he reached Paris and there he came across Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Karl Marx.
With the passage of time and with the help of his studies, Bakunin became more radical. He began to strongly oppose imperialism in east and central Europe by Russia and other occupying powers. He decided not to pursue the career of professorship. His life suddenly got transformed.
He was very open with his views against the oppression of the Polish people. One day, he spoke against Russia’s oppression of Poland. As a result, he was arrested and deported from France.
He had taken part in the Czech rebellion in 1848. Eventually, in 1849, he was arrested in Dresden and turned over to Russia. He remained in prison in the Peter Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg. He was a prisoner there until 1857. From that prison he was