Primordial Violence: German War On The Soviet Partisans
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Clausewitz offers his paradoxical trinity as a viable framework for analyzing the inherent complexities of warfare. The three interdependent, dynamic aspects of the trinity must be balanced against each other if a successful plan for war is to prevail. Additionally, Clausewitz addresses the dynamics of insurgencies and counter insurgencies. With these two analytical frameworks, an examination of a specific campaign becomes plausible.
The German efforts to thwart the partisan uprising in the occupied territories of the Eastern Front from 1941-1944 reflected the interplay of the Clausewitz triad. Primordial violence was imbued in the German people as a result of National Socialist indoctrination. The play of chance and probability reflected the largely successful active and passive measures employed by the German armed forces behind German lines in the east. The element of subordination was manifested in the pernicious Nazi policies and directives that inevitably dictated the conduct of the armed forces.
As a result of Hitler’s imbalanced, irrational eastern strategy and sequent war on the partisans, primordial violence, enmity, and hatred superseded the other two legs of the trinity. Hitler’s unlimited political and military objectives ultimately were incompatible with the German Army’s ability to pragmatically prosecute the eastern war and pacify the population that supported the partisan resistance.
Major Gus Kostas USMCR
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Primordial Violence - Major Gus Kostas USMCR
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Text originally published in 2002 under the same title.
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Primordial Violence: German War on the Soviet Partisans
by
Major Gus Kostas, USMCR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
Thesis 5
Discussion: 5
Conclusion: 5
Outline 6
I — Introduction: 7
Paradoxical trinity: 7
The People in Arms: 8
II: — Origins Of The Partisan War: 11
III: — Trinity and Primordial violence: 13
IV: — Trinity And Chance: 16
Classification of anti-partisan operations: 18
Passive measures: 19
Active Measures: 22
The conduct of SS and action groups: 26
V: — Trinity and the element of subordination: 30
Conclusions: 34
REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY 38
Primary Sources: 38
Secondary Accounts: 38
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Thesis: In terms of Clausewitz’ paradoxical trinity, the German counter insurgency in the occupied territories of the Soviet Union 1941-1944, did not achieve a sense of balance. The second two legs of the trinity, the play of chance and probability and the element of subordination, were subverted by primordial violence and enmity.
Discussion: Clausewitz offers his paradoxical trinity as a viable framework for analyzing the inherent complexities of warfare. The three interdependent, dynamic aspects of the trinity must be balanced against each other if a successful plan for war is to prevail. Additionally, Clausewitz addresses the dynamics of insurgencies and counter insurgencies. With these two analytical frameworks, an examination of a specific campaign becomes plausible.
The German efforts to thwart the partisan uprising in the occupied territories of the Eastern Front from 1941-1944 reflected the interplay of the Clausewitz triad. Primordial violence was imbued in the German people as a result of National Socialist indoctrination. The play of chance and probability reflected the largely successful active and passive measures employed by the German armed forces behind German lines in the east. The element of subordination was manifested in the pernicious Nazi policies and directives that inevitably dictated the conduct of the armed forces.
Conclusion: As a result of Hitler’s imbalanced, irrational eastern strategy and sequent war on the partisans, primordial violence, enmity, and hatred superseded the other two legs of the trinity. Hitler’s unlimited political and military objectives ultimately were incompatible with the German Army’s ability to pragmatically prosecute the eastern war and pacify the population that supported the partisan resistance.
PRIMORDIAL VIOLENCE: GERMAN WAR ON THE SOVIET PARTISANS
Outline
In terms of Clausewitz’ paradoxical trinity, the German counter insurgency in the occupied territories of the Soviet Union 1941-1944 did not achieve a sense of balance; primordial violence and enmity subverted the play of chance and probability and the element of subordination.
I. Introduction
A. Analytical frameworks
1. Paradoxical trinity
2. People’s war
II. Origins of the partisan insurgency
A. Operation Barbarossa
B. German occupied areas
1. Protection of German lines of communication
2. Pacification of population
III. Trinity and primordial violence
A. Indoctrination of German society following World War I
B. Nazi Ideology
1. Hate for international Bolshevism and Jewry
2. German war of conquest in the east
IV. Trinity and chance
A. Wehrmacht invasion to the east
B. Introduction of the SS
C. Classification of anti-partisan operations
1. Passive measures and historical examples
2. Active measures and historical examples
D .Conduct and implication of SS units
E. Imbalance of trinity
V. Trinity and the element of subordination