William T. Sherman: Evolution Of An Operational Artist [Illustrated Edition]
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About this ebook
General of the Army William Tecumseh Sherman was an extraordinary, controversial and complex individual. His ascension into the pantheon of American great captains was neither preordained nor expected. Wading through an average military career following his graduation from West Point, Sherman resigned his commission and tried his hand in the business and education sectors prior to the breakout of the American Civil War. Returned to active service in 1861, Sherman slogged through the first year of the war and found himself relegated to a recruiting and training billet in St. Louis, Missouri. Grasping the rising star of General of the Army Ulysses S. Grant, Sherman saved himself and elevated his performance to that of greatness. Forever associated with the Battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Chattanooga, Meridian and Atlanta and the Georgia and Carolina Campaigns, Sherman propelled himself from tactical mediocrity to operational brilliance. How did Sherman overcome his lackluster beginnings and transform himself into an inspiring figurehead studied throughout the world for his military accomplishments? By analyzing Sherman’s battles and campaigns from 1862-1865, this paper delves into his transformation by exploring his visualization and understanding of operational art through the lens of current United States Army doctrine.
Major Steven E. Jackowski
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William T. Sherman - Major Steven E. Jackowski
WILLIAM T. SHERMAN:
EVOLUTION OF AN OPERATIONAL ARTIST
MAJ Steven E. Jackowski
United States Army
This edition is published by PICKLE PARTNERS PUBLISHING—www.picklepartnerspublishing.com
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Text originally published in 2013 under the same title.
© Pickle Partners Publishing 2013, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electrical, mechanical or otherwise without the written permission of the copyright holder.
Publisher’s Note
Although in most cases we have retained the Author’s original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern reader’s benefit.
We have also made every effort to include all maps and illustrations of the original edition the limitations of formatting do not allow of including larger maps, we will upload as many of these maps as possible.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
ABSTRACT 11
INTRODUCTION 12
FIRST BULL RUN TO SHILOH 16
CORINTH TO MERIDIAN 21
THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN 31
THE GEORGIA CAMPAIGN 39
THE CAROLINAS CAMPAIGN 43
CONCLUSION 46
BIBLIOGRAPHY 47
REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER 51
MAPS 52
I – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1861 52
Charleston Harbor, Bombardment of Fort Sumter – 12th & 13th April 1861 52
1st Bull Run Campaign – Theatre Overview July 1861 53
Bull Run – 21st July 1861 54
1st Bull Run Campaign – Situation 18th July 1861 55
1st Bull Run Campaign – Situation 21st July 1861 (Morning) 56
1st Bull Run Campaign - 21st July 1861 Actions 1-3 p.m. 57
1st Bull Run Campaign - 21st July 1861 Union Retreat 4 P.M. to Dusk 58
II – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1862 59
Battle of Mill Springs – 19th January 1862 (6-8.30 A.M.) Confederate Attacks 59
Battle of Mill Springs – 19th January 1862 (9 A.M.) Union Attacks 60
Forts Henry and Donelson – 6th to 16th February 1862 61
Battle of Fort Donelson – 14th February 1862 62
Battle of Fort Donelson – 15th February 1862 Morning 63
Battle of Fort Donelson – 15th February 1862 Morning 64
New Madrid and Island No. 10 – March 1862 65
Pea Ridge – 5th to 8th March 1862 66
First Battle of Kernstown – 23rd March 1862, 11 – 16:45 67
Shiloh (or Pittsburg Landing) - 6th & 7th April 1862 68
Battle of Shiloh – 6th April 1862 - Morning 69
Battle of Shiloh – 6th April 1862 – P.M. 70
Battle of Yorktown – 5th to 16th April 1862 71
Jackson’s Valley Campaign – 24th to 25th May 1862 - Actions 72
Williamsburg – 5th May 1862 73
Fair Oaks – 31st May to 1st June 1862 74
Battle of Seven Pines – 31st May 1862 75
Seven Days – 26th June to 2nd July 1862 76
Seven Days Battles – 25th June to 1st July 1862 - Overview 77
Seven Days Battles – 26th & 27th June 1862 78
Seven Days Battles – 30th June 1862 79
Seven Days Battles – 1st July 1862 80
Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 2.30 P.M. Hill’s Attacks 81
Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 3.30 P.M. Ewell’s Attacks 82
Battle of Gaines Mill – 27th June 1862 7 P.M. General Confederate Attacks 83
Pope’s Campaign - 24th August 1862 84
Pope’s Campaign - 28th August 1862 A.M. 85
Pope’s Campaign - 28th August 1862 6 P.M. 86
Second Battle of Bull Run – 28th August 1862 87
Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 10 A.M. 88
Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 12 P.M. 89
Second Battle of Bull Run – 29th August 1862 5 P.M. 90
Pope’s Campaign – 29th August 1862 Noon. 91
Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 3 P.M. 92
Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 4.30 P.M. 93
Second Battle of Bull Run – 30th August 1862 5 P.M. 94
Battle of Harpers Ferry – 15th September 1862 95
Antietam – 16th & 17th September 1862 96
Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 Overview 97
Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 6 A.M. 98
Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 7.30 A.M. 99
Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 9 A.M. 100
Battle of Antietam – 17th September 1862 10 A.M. 101
Iuka – 19th September 1862 102
Battle of Iuka – 19th September 1862 103
Corinth – 3rd & 4th October 1862 104
Second Battle of Corinth – 3rd October 1862 105
Second Battle of Corinth – 4th October 1862 106
Perryville – 8th October 1862 107
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 2 P.M. 108
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 3 P.M. 109
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 3.45 P.M. 110
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 4 P.M. 111
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 4.15 P.M. 112
Battle of Perryville – 8th October 1862 – 5.45 P.M. 113
Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 114
Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Overview 115
Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Sumner’s Assault 116
Battle of Fredericksburg – 13th December 1862 Hooker’s Assault 117
Battle of Chickasaw Bayou – 26th to 29th December 1862 118
Stone’s River – 31st December 1862 119
Battle of Stones River – 30th December 1862 120
Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 8.00 A.M. 121
Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 9.45 A.M. 122
Battle of Stones River – 31st December 1862 – 11.00 A.M. 123
III – CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE MAPS - 1863 124
Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4 P.M. 124
Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4 P.M. 125
Battle of Stones River – 2nd January 1863 – 4.45 P.M. 126
Chancellorsville Campaign (Hooker’s Plan) – April 1863 127
Battle of Chancellorsville – 1st May 1863 Actions 128
Battle of Chancellorsville – 2nd May 1863 Actions 129
Chancellorsville – 2nd May 1863 130
Chancellorsville – 3rd to 5th May 1863 131
Battle of Chancellorsville – 3rd May 1863 Actions 6 A.M. 132
Battle of Chancellorsville – 3rd May 1863 Actions 10 A.M. – 5 P.M. 133
Battle of Chancellorsville – 4th to 6th May 1863. 134
Battle of Brandy Station – 8th June 1863 135
Siege of Vicksburg – 25th May to 4th July 1863 136
Siege of Vicksburg – 19th May 1863 - Assaults 137
Siege of Vicksburg – 22nd May 1863 - Assaults 138
Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 139
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 Overview 140
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 7 A.M. 141
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 10 A.M. 142
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 10.45 A.M. 143
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 11 A.M. 144
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 12.30 P.M. 145
Battle of Gettysburg – 1st July 1863 2 P.M. 146
Gettysburg – 2nd to 4th July 1863 147
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Lee’s Plan 148
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Overview 149
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Cemetary Ridge A.M. 150
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Culp’s Hill – Initial Defence 151
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Culp’s Hill – Evening attacks 152
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Hood’s Assaults 153
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Peach Orchard Initial Assaults 154
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Peach Orchard and Cemetary Ridge 155
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Wheatfield – Initial Assaults 156
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Wheatfield – Second Phase 157
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Cemetery Hill Evening 158
Battle of Gettysburg – 2nd July 1863 Little Round Top (1) 159
Battle of Gettysburg –