James Whistler: 305 Plates
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James Abbott McNeill Whistler was The American painter, etcher, and lithographer who created a new set of principles for the fine arts, favored "art for art's sake", and introduced a delicate style of painting in which atmosphere and mood were the main focus. Establishing himself as a painter in Paris and London, Whistler developed his distinctive style, utilizing muted colors and simple forms. His masterpiece is largely credited as "Whistler's Mother" ("Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1"). His work later provided the inspiration for Oscar Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890).
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James Whistler - Maria Peitcheva
Paintings
Foreword
James Abbott McNeill Whistler was The American painter, etcher, and lithographer who created a new set of principles for the fine arts, favoured art for art's sake
, and introduced a delicate style of painting in which atmosphere and mood were the main focus. Establishing himself as a painter in Paris and London, Whistler developed his distinctive style, utilizing muted colors and simple forms. His masterpiece is largely credited as Whistler's Mother
(Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1
). His work later provided the inspiration for Oscar Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890).
Whistler was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. In 1843 he moved with his family to St. Petersburg, Russia, where his father, an engineer, supervised the construction of a railroad line. Whistler received his first instruction in art in Russia. Returning to the United States, he entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point in 1851, but was dismissed for poor grades. To earn a living he became a draughtsman, drawing and making etchings for topographical maps.
Whistler soon left for Paris, where he studied in the atelier of Charles-Gabriel Gleyre. Formal instruction influenced him less, however, than his friendship with the French realist painter Gustave Courbet, and his own study of Japanese prints. Many of his early paintings, notable for their clarity of design and harmonious hues, featured both friends and family members, as his sister and her husband also resided in Paris. His first series of etchings, The French Set,
resulted from a sketching tour in 1853, and his work in this medium was widely acclaimed. In 1859, after moving to London, he began a series of etchings of scenes along the River Thames, and by the mid 1860s began to incorporate oriental design and tonalities in his work.
In 1877 Whistler exhibited a number of loosely painted, subtly hued landscapes called nocturnes,
composed in layers of atmospheric color. These works outraged conservative art critics, who did not understand the lack of narrative detail and form.
The English art critic John Ruskin wrote a caustically critical article, and Whistler, charging slander, sued Ruskin for damages. Whistler won the case, one