Battle Of Edgehill, 1642, In The English Civil Wars

By André Geraque Kiffer

The English Civil Wars, between 1642 and 1651, were a series of political machinations between Parliamentarians - the “Roundheads” - and Royalists - the “Gentlemen” -, mainly over the form of governance in England and issues of religious freedom. The inconclusive outcome of the Battle of Edgehill on 23 October 1642 prevented any faction from gaining a quicker victory in the war. In the battle simulation we will try to correct the failures presented in the historical analysis, testing improvements in the maneuvers. And then we will see which maneuver will prevail, both being instructed with the best and with the maximum effort.

• Language: English
• Publisher: Clube de Autores
• Release date: Feb 5, 2024

Book preview

ANDRÉ  GERAQUE  KIFFER

Battle  of  Edgehill,  1642, in  the  English  Civil  Wars. A  historical  simulation

Author’s  Edition Rio  de  Janeiro

2023

---  Kiffer,  André  Geraque.

Battle  of  Edgehill,  1642,  in  the  English  Civil  Wars.  A historical  simulation.  André  Geraque  Kiffer.

Author’s  Edition,  Rio  de  Janeiro,  2023. Bibliography:  130  p.  62  im.  21  cm..

1.  History.  2.  Art  of  War.  3.  Science  of  War.  4.  War Games.  I.  Author.  II.  Title.

ISBN  978-65-00-76566-3

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3 PROLOGUE

As  a  Military  Historian  I  rely  on  a  summary  of  the historical  fact,  I  analyze  and  highlight  the  decisive factors,  before  simulating  hypotheses  what  if… hypotheses  through  a  board  game.  In  the simulation,  all  possibilities  of  the  purpose  of  the study  are  completed,  when  the  past  of  history  is analyzed  based  on  the  theory  of  the  present  and projected  for  similar  situations  in  the  future.  Since 2010  I  have  published  the  following  series  of simulations:  I.  Historical  Simulation  of  the  Wars  of the  First  Empires;  II.  Historical  Simulation  of  the Wars  in  Classical  Greece;  III.  Historical  Simulation of  the  Roman  Wars;  IV.  Historical  Simulation  of Wars  in  the  Medieval  Era;  V.  Historical  Simulation of  Wars  in  the  Modern  Era  (1453  to  1774);  VI. Historical  Simulation  of  Wars  in  the  Age  of Revolutions  (1775  to  1860);  VII.  Historical Simulation  of  Wars  in  the  Industrial  Age  (1861  to 1913);  "VIII.  Historical  Simulation  of  the  First  World

War;  IX.  Historical  Simulation  of  World  War  II;  X.

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Historical  Simulation  of  the  Cold  War  (1917  to 1991);  and  XI.  Historical  Simulation  of Contemporary  Wars  (1991  to  ...)". Keywords:  History.  Art  of  War.  Science  of  War.  War

Games.

5 SUMMARY

HISTORICAL  FACT…………..…….….……………6 HISTORICALANALYSIS….……………..…………12 HISTORICAL  SIMULATION….……………………40 ANNEXES........…………………………………….124

REFERENCES…………………………………….129

6 HISTORICAL  FACT English  Civil  Wars  between  1642  and  1651

I  suggest  to  the  reader  who  wants  to  know more  about  the  conflict  that  this  battle  is  part  of,  to acquire  my  book  English  Civil  War,  1642  to  1651. A  historical  simulation  .

Im  1:  English  Civil  Wars.

The  English  Civil  Wars,  between  1642  and 1651,  were  a  series  of  political  machinations

between  parliamentarians  -  the  round  heads  -  and

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royalists  -  the  gentlemen  -,  mainly  over  the  form  of governance  in  England  and  issues  of  religious freedom.  The  first  (1642-1646)  and  second  (1648- 1649)  wars  pitted  supporters  of  King  Charles  I against  supporters  of  the  Long  Parliament,  while the  third  (1649-1651)  saw  fighting  between supporters  of  King  Charles  II  and  the  Rump Parliament.

Unlike  other  internal  wars  in  England,  which were  mainly  fought  over  who  should  reign,  these conflicts  also  involved  how  the  three  kingdoms  of England,  Scotland  and  Ireland  should  be  governed. The  most  striking  results  were:  the  trial  and execution  of  Charles  I  (1649);  the  exile  of  his  son, Charles  II  (1651);  and  the  replacement  of  the English  monarchy  by  the  Commonwealth  of England,  which  from  1653  (as  the  Commonwealth of  England,  Scotland  and  Ireland)  unified  the  British Isles  under  the  personal  rule  of  Oliver  Cromwell between  1653  and  1658,  and  briefly  his  son  Richard

in  1658  and  1659.

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Furthermore,  in  England  the  Anglican  Church's monopoly  on  Christian  worship  was  ended,  and  in Ireland  the  victors  consolidated  a  Protestant ascendancy.  The  precedent  was  constitutionally established  that  an  English  monarch  cannot  rule without  the  consent  of  Parliament,  although  the  idea of  parliamentary  sovereignty  was  only  legally established  as  part  of  the  Glorious  Revolution  in 1688.

First  English  Civil  War,  1642  to  1646

When  the  conflict  began  in  August  1642,  both sides  expected  it  to  be  resolved  in  a  single  battle, but  it  soon  became  apparent  that  this  was  not  the case.

Royalist  successes  in  1643  led  to  an  alliance between  Parliament  and  the  Scots  which  won  a series  of  battles  in  1644,  the  most  significant  being that  of  Marston  Moor.

In  early  1645  Parliament  authorized  the formation  of  the  New  Model  Army,  the  first professional  military  force  in  England,  and  its

success  at  Naseby  in  June  1645  proved  decisive.

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Im  2:  Military  catechism.

The  war  ended  with  the  parliamentary  alliance winning  in  June  1646  and  Charles  in  custody,  but his  refusal  to  negotiate  concessions  and  divisions between  his  opponents  led  to  the  Second  English Civil  War  in  1648.

Battle  of  Edgehill

October  23,  1642.  It  was  the  first  battle  of  the First  English  Civil  War  and  was  fought  near  Edge Hill  and  Kineton  in  southern  Warwickshire.

All  attempts  at  a  constitutional  compromise  between

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King  Charles  and  Parliament  failed  in  early  1642. Both  the  one  and  the  other  raised  large  armies  to win  by  force  of  arms.

In  October,  from  his  temporary  base  near Shrewsbury,  the  King  decided  to  march  on  London in  order  to  force  a  decisive  engagement  with  the main  army  of  Parliament,  commanded  by  the  Earl  of Essex.  On  October  22  both  armies  unexpectedly found  each  other  nearby.

The