Karl Kapp is a Professor at Bloomberg University and author of several books about gamification and game thinking. Karl received a Doctorate of Education in the Instructional Design program at the University of Pittsburgh. He is also a frequent speaker and business consultant, helping organizations to implement learning strategies through technology. Today’s episode continues conversations about gaming in medical education and how to use creative and interactive modalities to benefit education.   0:52 What Gamification Means to Karl 3:19 The Main Approaches to Gamification Design: Structural and Content 4:50 Learning Objections: Retaining Information by Creating Engaging Challenges 5:30 Gamification as a Design Affordance 7:00 Confidence Builds Competence: Implementing Gamification Before Residency 9:50 Overcoming the Stigma of Fun Learning Approaches 11:35 Creating Desirable Difficulty 12:20 How Society Impacts Gamification 14:29 Leveraging Analog Formats to Overcome Funding Restrictions 17:40 The Importance of Collaboration for Creativity 19:00 The Scalability of Gamification for Other Disciplines 20:04 Resources for Creating Your Own Learning Game 23:00 The Retention Benefits of Creating Your Own Game 24:04 Using Game Creation as a Self-Assessment Tool.   Resources Information about Karl Kapp can be found here: http://karlkapp.com https://twitter.com/kkapp https://www.linkedin.com/in/karlkapp Books The Theory of Fun for Game Design by Raph Koster Websites Quizlet Print and Play The Game Crafter Gamestructor Construct The Game Agency Enspire   Join the Medical Mnemonist Master Mind Facebook group and find our Blog posts, Podcasts, and other Resources at FreeMedEd.org! Feel free to Email any Questions or Comments.