The Torah commands in Parashat Emor (Vayikra 22:15), “Ve’lo Yehalelu Et Kodsheh Beneh Yisrael Et Asher Yarimu L’Hashem” – literally, “They shall not desecrate the sacred food of Beneh Yisrael, that which they will separate for G-d.” This verse is understood as establishing the prohibition against eating “Tebel” – produce from which the required portions had yet to be separated. The phrase “Kodsheh Beneh Yisrael Et Asher Yarimu L’Hashem” refers to the hallowed portions which have yet to be separated (as the word “Yarimu” – “will separate” – is written in the future tense), such that the Torah forbids “desecrating” these portions by eating the produce before the hallowed portions have been removed. Tebel is forbidden for not only the produce’s owner, but all people. Several portions must be separated from produce for it to be no longer considered Tebel. Specifically, Teruma and Terumat Ma’aser must be separated and given to a Kohen; Ma’aser Rishon must be separated and given to a Levi; Ma’aser Sheni must be separated and brought to Jerusalem; and in some years, Ma’aser Sheni is replaced by Ma’aser Ani, a tithe for the poor. If the portions for the Kohanim (Teruma and Terumat Ma’aser) have yet to be separated from produce, then one who eats this produce is liable to Mita Bi’ydeh Shamayim (death at the hand of G-d, as opposed to execution by the court). If these portions had been separated, but the other tithes had yet to be separated, then the punishment for partaking of the Tebel is Malkut. The produce is considered Tebel and is forbidden for consumption until all the required tithes have been separated, but the severe punishment of Mita Bi’ydeh Shamayim is applied only if the portions for the Kohanim have yet to be removed. If a portion of Tebel fell into permissible food of the same species – such as if a stalk of Tebel wheat falls into a stack of permissible wheat – then the entire mixture is forbidden for consumption, regardless of the percentage of the mixture. Even if the Tebel constitutes a minuscule percentage of the mixture (“Mashehu”), the entire mixture is forbidden. This is an especially stringent quality of the Tebel prohibition, which resembles in this respect the prohibition against eating Hametz on Pesach, as even a minuscule amount of Hametz forbids a mixture on Pesach. This prohibition applies to all Jews, both male and female, and even to Kohanim and Leviyim. Although a Kohen or Levi who eats Tebel is consuming the portion to which he is entitled, nevertheless, he violates this prohibition, because the portions had not been separated from the produce. This prohibition applies in times and places when separating Terumot and Ma’aserot is required on the level of Torah obligation. The Torah obligation of Terumot and Ma’aserot applies only to “Dagan” (the five principal grains), “Tirosh” (wine) and “Yis’har” (olive oil). If one partakes of Tebel of a different species, from which Terumot and Ma’aserot are required Mi’de’rabbanan (by force of Rabbinic enactment), he is liable to Malkut for violating the Sages’ enactment. The oil extracted from olives, and the juice extracted from grapes, have the same status as the fruits in this regard. Therefore, one who drinks olive oil or wine of Tebel has transgressed this prohibition and is liable to punishment.