Atoms are incredibly small particles that cannot be viewed with the most powerful microscopes and make up everything we see, touch, and feel. Each atom is composed of a nucleus and a number of electrons in orbital shells that are located far away from the nucleus. Inside the nucleus are smaller particles called protons and neutrons, and its mass makes up 99.95% of the atom's mass, while it only occupies a tiny fraction of the atom's space.

The strong nuclear force is the most powerful force in nature, and holds the nucleus of an atom together. Atoms are made up of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and electrons which revolve around the nucleus. The protons have positive charges and repel each other, but the strong nuclear force, which is 100 times stronger than the electro-magnetic force, keeps them together. This precise balance of forces is what allows the universe to exist and creates the tremendous equilibrium and design observed.

Electrons are small particles carrying a negative charge, and therefore must obey certain laws of physics. These laws, however, do not explain the extraordinary escape velocity of electrons, the repelling force between them, or the force of attraction of the nucleus. All of these must be perfectly balanced for the atom to exist. This balance is only possible through Allah's power and will, as He alone holds all the forces of the universe in harmony.

Thus, the atom is a testament to the intervention of Allah, the all-powerful Creator. Electrons have been found to possess both particle and wave characteristics, and it is known that light is spread in a similar way to ripples created on the surface of water. This perplexed scientists until Richard P. Feynman proposed that electrons have an inimitable "quantum mechanical" behavior. Scientists studying this behavior have been awarded prizes and honoured for their work; however, it is Allah, Who created the system, that should be praised for His infinite might, knowledge, artistry and wisdom, which is evident in the perfect measure, order, and equilibrium of the universe.

From the smallest sub-atomic particle to the gigantic celestial bodies in space, Allah has appointed a measure for all things, and He created everything and determined it most exactly. When these electrons come back to their own shells, they emit photons. These photons form the colours we perceive.

Electrons are integral to the formation of colour in our world, as they absorb photons which cause them to jump to higher energy shells, and then emit photons when they return to their original shells. This process is so complex that scientists could not explain it and called it "Quantum Mechanical Motion". However, the only answer to the question of why this process works is Allah, the Creator of the universe who brought it into existence with extraordinary balances and equilibriums.

Notes:
13. Jean Guitton, Dieu et La Science:Vers Le Métaréalisme, Paris:Grasset, 1991, p. 62
14. Jean Guitton, Dieu et La Science:Vers Le Métaréalisme, Paris:Grasset, 1991, p. 62
15. Jean Guitton, Dieu et La Science:Vers Le Métaréalisme, Paris:Grasset, 1991, p. 62
16. Ümit Şimşek, Atom (The Atom), Yeni Asya Yayınları, p.7
17. Taşkın Tuna, Uzayın Ötesi (Beyond Space), Boğaziçi Yayınları, 1995, p. 53
18. Jean Guitton, Dieu et La Science:Vers Le Métaréalisme, Paris:Grasset, 1991, p. 62
19. Taşkın Tuna, Uzayın Ötesi (Beyond Space), Boğaziçi Yayınları, 1995, p. 52
20. David Filkin, Stephen Hawking's Universe:The Cosmos Explained, Basic Books, October 1998, pp. 143-144
21. Richard Feynman, The Character of Physical Law, The M.I.T. Press, March 1967, p. 128
22. Richard Feynman, The Character of Physical Law, The M.I.T. Press, March 1967, p. 129
23. Jean Guitton, Dieu et La Science:Vers Le Métaréalisme, Paris:Grasset, 1991, p. 5